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The Great Pacific Garbage Patch (GPGP) is one of several episodes in the ocean littered with plastic debris. While larger items such as fishing nets or plastic shopping bags are the most visible pieces of marine debris, there are up to 51 trillion microplastic particles floating in our oceans. Plastic pollution pollutes every ocean, from the surface to the seabed and from tropical waters to Arctic ice. It suffocates marine creatures large and small and attacks all marine ecosystems and food webs, including seafood for human consumption. If you are what you eat, then you are what you throw away. A garbage patch is a large area of human-made debris that is usually captured by a circulating ocean current known as an eddy. The image shows the convergence zone of ocean currents in the North Pacific Ocean. NOAAs Marine Debris Program Every ocean has at least one patch of debris. Garbage patches also accumulate in coastal ecosystems where rivers meet the sea or where tidal currents pick up floating plastics, which are important habitats for many marine species. The Great Pacific Garbage Patch is only the worlds best-known and largest deposit of marine debris, and its cleanup has been the focus of attention to address the problem of global ocean plastic pollution. Ocean plastic debris was first identified in 1972 in the Sargasso Sea, part of the Western Atlantic. What is now known as the Great Pacific Garbage Patch was discovered in 1997 and featured in a series of 2006 articles by Ken Weiss of the Los Angeles Times. Debris patches formed at every bend in the ocean, gigantic spirals of seawater formed by colliding currents. In the upper part of the North Pacific subtropical gyre, a few hundred miles north of Hawaii, warm water from the South Pacific flows into cooler water from the north. Known as the North Pacific Subtropical Convergence Zone, the GPGP formed here. Almost half of the plastic waste in the Great Pacific Garbage Patch comes from fishing nets, known as ghost nets, which have resulted in increasingly intensive fishing in the Asia-Pacific region. However, microplastics make up 94% of the GPGPs estimated 1.8 trillion pieces of plastic. These microplastics come from synthetic fishing nets, as well as from a variety of terrestrial sources: plastic bags, bottles, and various other consumer products. As much as 90% of all plastic items are used once and then thrown away. Only 9% of all plastic is recycled. After all, about 11% of all plastic waste ends up in aquatic ecosystems. Rivers are a significant source, with about 80% of plastic in the ocean coming from just 1,000 rivers worldwide, but things like storm runoff, wind-blown pollution from landfills or landfills, and sewage overflows. According to one study, about 8 million tons of plastic enter the ocean in a typical year, mostly from people living less than 50 kilometers (30 miles) from the coast, but also from further inland. Boys collect plastic bottles in Siem Reap river in KembaThe Great Pacific Garbage Patch (GPGP) is one of several episodes of the ocean littered with plastic garbage. While larger items such as fishing nets or plastic shopping bags are the most visible pieces of marine debris, up to 51 trillion microplastic particles float in our oceans. Plastic pollution pollutes every ocean, from the surface to the seabed, from tropical waters to Arctic ice. It suffocates sea creatures large and small and penetrates all marine ecosystems and food webs, including seafood for human consumption. If you are what you eat, you are what you throw away. A garbage patch is a large area of man-made garbage, usually surrounded by a circulating ocean current known as a vortex. The figure shows the convergence zone of ocean currents in the North Pacific. Marine Debris NOAA Scheme There is at least one piece of garbage in every ocean. Garbage stains also accumulate in coastal ecosystems where rivers meet the sea or where tidal currents trap floating plastics, which are important habitats for many marine species. The Great Pacific Garbage Patch is only the worlds best-known and largest marine litter repository, and cleaning it has become a major focus of efforts to tackle the global problem of plastic pollution of the oceans. Ocean plastic debris was first identified in 1972 in the Sargasso Sea, part of the Western Atlantic. What is now known as the Great Pacific Garbage Patch was discovered in 1997 and made publicity in a 2006 series of articles by Ken Weiss of the Los Angeles Times. Garbage patches formed in all the sea bends, huge spirals of seawater formed by colliding currents. . At the top of the subtropical North Pacific vortex, a few hundred kilometers north of Hawaii, warm water from the South Pacific meets cooler water from the north. It is here that the GPGP, known as the Subtropical Convergence Zone of the North Pacific, was established. Massively, nearly half of the plastic waste in the Great Pacific Garbage Patch comes from fishing nets, known as ghost nets, which are the result of increasingly intense fishing in the Asia-Pacific region. But microplastics make up 94% of the estimated 1.8 trillion pieces of plastic in GPGP. These microplastics come from synthetic fishing nets as well as from a variety of land-based sources: plastic bags, bottles and various other consumer products. The incredible 90% of all plastic items are used once and then thrown away. Only 9% of the total weight of plastics is recycled. After all, about 11% of all plastic waste ends up in aquatic ecosystems. Rivers are a significant source, with around 80% of ocean plastic coming from just 1,000 rivers worldwide, but also stormwater runoff, wind-blown debris from landfills or landfills, and sewage overflows. Currently, according to research, about 8 million tonnes of plastic end up in the oceans in a typical year, mostly from people living within 50 kilometers (30 miles) of the coast, but also inland. The boys collect plastic bottles in the Siem Reap River in Kemba

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