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Do-It-YourselfMore Kids StuffDo-It-YourselfMore Kids Stuff Jupiter has a long history of surprising scientists – all the way back to 1610 when Galileo Galilei found the first moons beyond Earth. That discovery changed the way we see the universe. Fifth in line from the Sun, Jupiter is, by far, the largest planet in the solar system – more than twice as massive as all the other planets combined. Jupiters familiar stripes and swirls are actually cold, windy clouds of ammonia and water, floating in an atmosphere of hydrogen and helium. Jupiters iconic Great Red Spot is a giant storm bigger than Earth that has raged for hundreds of years. One spacecraft – NASAs Juno orbiter – is currently exploring this giant world. Go farther: Explore Jupiter In Depth › Ten Things to Know About Jupiter 1Eleven Earths could fit across Jupiters equator. If Earth were the size of a grape, Jupiter would be the size of a basketball. 2Jupiter orbits about 484 million miles (778 million kilometers) or 5.2 Astronomical Units (AU) from our Sun (Earth is one AU from the Sun). 3Jupiter rotates once about every 10 hours (a Jovian day), but takes about 12 Earth years to complete one orbit of the Sun (a Jovian year). Jupiter and Io4Jupiter is a gas giant and so lacks an Earth-like surface. If it has a solid inner core at all, its likely only about the size of Earth. 5Jupiters atmosphere is made up mostly of hydrogen (H2) and helium (He). 6Jupiter has more than 75 moons. 7In 1979 the Voyager mission discovered Jupiters faint ring system. All four giant planets in our solar system have ring systems. 8Nine spacecraft have visited Jupiter. Seven flew by and two have orbited the gas giant. Juno, the most recent, arrived at Jupiter in 2016. 9Jupiter cannot support life as we know it. But some of Jupiters moons have oceans beneath their crusts that might support life. 10Jupiters Great Red Spot is a gigantic storm thats about twice the size of Earth and has raged for over a century. Great Red Spot Pop Culture Pop Culture The biggest planet in our solar system, Jupiter also has a large presence in pop culture, including many movies, TV shows, video games, and comics. Jupiter was a notable destination in the Wachowski siblings science fiction spectacle Jupiter Ascending, while various Jovian moons provide settings for Cloud Atlas, Futurama, Power Rangers, and Halo, among many others. In the movie Men in Black when Agent J – played by Will Smith – mentions he thought one of his childhood teachers was from Venus, Agent K – played by Tommy Lee Jones – replies that she is actually from one of Jupiters moons. Kid-Friendly Jupiter Jupiter is the biggest planet in our solar system. Its similar to a star, but it never got big enough to start burning. Jupiter is covered in swirling cloud stripes. It has big storms like the Great Red Spot, which has been going for hundreds of years. Jupiter is a gas giant and doesnt have a solid surface, but it may have a solid inner core about the size of Earth. Jupiter also has rings, but theyre too faint to see very well. Visit NASA Space Place for more kid-friendly facts. NASA Space Place: All About Jupiter › Read More Read More Galileo was the first spacecraft to orbit Jupiter. Pioneer 10 was first through the asteroid belt and first to Jupiter. With a few materials and a few steps, you can build your own glasses to view 3D images. You can create your own redblue 3D images to print, or look at on a computer screen, using a normal digital camera and some image processing software. › MoreOur Solar SystemThere are many planetary systems like ours in the universe, with planets orbiting a host star. Our planetary system is called the solar system because we use the word solar to describe things related to our star, after the Latin word for Sun, solis. Our planetary system is located in an outer spiral arm of the Milky Way galaxy. Our solar system consists of our star, the Sun, and everything bound to it by gravity – the planets Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune; dwarf planets such as Pluto; dozens of moons; and millions of asteroids, comets, and meteoroids. Beyond our own solar system, we have discovered thousands of planetary systems orbiting other stars in the Milky Way. Go farther. Explore Our Solar System in Depth › 10 Things to Know About Our Solar System 1Our solar system is made up of a star, eight planets, and countless smaller bodies such as dwarf planets, asteroids, and comets. 2Our solar system orbits the center of the Milky Way galaxy at about 515,000 mph (828,000 kph). Were in one of the galaxys four spiral arms. 3It takes our solar system about 230 million years to complete one orbit around the galactic center. 4There are three general kinds of galaxies: elliptical, spiral, and irregular. The Milky Way is a spiral galaxy. 5Our solar system is a region of space. It has no atmosphere. But it contains many worlds – including Earth – with many kinds of atmospheres. 6The planets of our solar system – and even some asteroids – hold more than 200 moons in their orbits. 7The four giant planets – and at least one asteroid – have rings. None are as spectacular as Saturns gorgeous rings. 8More than 300 robotic spacecraft have explored destinations beyond Earths orbit, including 24 American astronauts who made the trip from the Earth to the Moon. 9Our solar system is the only one known to support life. So far, we only know of life on Earth, but were looking for more everywhere we can. 10NASAs Voyager 1 and Voyager 2 are the only spacecraft to leave our solar system. Three other spacecraft – Pioneer 10, Pioneer 11, and New Horizons – will eventually hit interstellar space. FAQ: Which Spacecraft are Headed to Interstellar Space? FAQ: Which Spacecraft are Headed to Interstellar Space? Five spacecraft have achieved enough velocity to eventually travel beyond the boundaries of our solar system. Two of them reached the unexplored space between the stars after several decades in space. Voyager 1 went interstellar in 2012 and Voyager 2 joined it in 2018. Both spacecraft are still in communication with Earth. Both spacecraft launched in 1977. NASAs New Horizons spacecraft is currently exploring an icy region beyond Neptune called the Kuiper Belt. It eventually will leave our solar system. Pioneer 10 and Pioneer 11 also will ultimately travel silently among the stars. The spacecraft used up their power supplies decades ago.
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