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Sign in nowJoin now 1 Understanding Latin and Greek Roots: 9th Grade MorphologyBy Jennifer Whitesides Weber School District 2 For the big tests you will need to know: You wrote these on Front Page!1. I will need to know what Morphology is and how to use it (Greek and Latin roots of words this year). Use common, grade-appropriate Greek or Latin affixes and roots as clues to the meaning of a word (e.g., precede, recede, secede). 2. How to deconstruct the meaning of the word using affix definitions in context. 3. Distinguish between the connotative and denotative meanings of words. 4. Determine word meaning using sentence structure (e.g., parts of speech, grammatical structures of affixes). (You Might Want to take some notes during this presentation- Full lines give full points.) 3 Famous quotes on MorphologyBy words the mind is winged. -- Aristophanes, dramatist (c BCE) Language is the armory of the human mind; and at once contains the trophies of its past, and the weapons of its future conquests. --Samuel Taylor Coleridge ( ) 4 Words In a Language are FascinatingMany people enjoy studying the historic and linguistic roots of English words, because it is like a puzzle. Knowing Affixes –prefixes, suffixes- and root word meanings, enable a person to figure out the meaning of a number of new words. 5 What is Morphology? Can anyone tell me what this word means?Lets dissect it: Morph means change ology means study Therefore: Morphology means the study of the changing of words. (Historically) 6 Sophocles and MorphologyWho remembers what Sophocles wrote that we have read in this class? Sophocles influenced the development of the drama, and there in the use of words. Thus begins the realization that words can be manipulated by changing parts of them. We will talk about how words are transformed in a minute. This is a sculpture of a dramatist: Scholars believe it could very easily be Sophocles. 7 (The study of Language) (Connotative -Denotative)Linguistics (The study of Language) Phonology Morphology Lexicon Reflectional Derivational (Connotative -Denotative) Affixes (prefix, suffix) Root Words Latin Greek Others Syntax 8 Under Morphology What is a Lexicon? Our minds work somewhat like a computer storing information in different compartments within our brains Lexicon is the list of roots and words that a person has in his or her brain ready to use. (It can also refer to a list of words in a dictionary). We use this list in order to make up words and sentences. 9 Under the study of MorphologyDerivation is the process of making words out of other words. In your mind you will take a root from your lexicon that you understand and make another word out of it. Example: unicycle  universal What is a Derivation? 10 Speaking of DerivationsThere are two types of derivational meanings: Denotative meaning: A definition that is literal- that a four year old thinks. First meaning of word. Connotative Denotative meaning: What is associated with that word. Example: Have you ever said to your best friend, You are so twisted The real meaning of twisted is not what your friend looks like or actually acts like. You wouldnt say to your best friend You are so spiraling, coiling and twining. Even though this is what the dictionary & general meaning of twisted is, it sounds a little bizarre. . 11 Think of it this way Connotative is what the meaning is in context rather spoken with intonation or written that changed the original literal meaning to a deeper meanin. Denotative is what the word means during a period in time. Words travel in meaning through time, (and can deviate from their original SPELLING also). Lets take a look at some of these words and parts of words that have travelled through. 12 Which one can you read? 13 What are the Differences? 14 Translate from Old to Middle to New Pick out 6 Words you can translate. 15 A look at an Ancient Author and GoddessCan anyone tell me what soph might mean? 16 Please add The root word Cede to your list: Cede Latin Means: To go away yield surrender Examples of: antecedent, precede, succeed, supersede ceded, seceded Derivitives of are ceed, cess, or cease. 17 8th Grade Prefixes and Suffixes May need to Know8th Grade Prefixes and Suffixes May need to Know! Write down six affixes and their definitions on slide. Suffixes and Meanings -en make of, make -ess female -ish origin, nature of -ism system, manner,condition -ize make -let little -ness quality of, state of greatness -ous full of, having -ship skill, state, quality -tude state of Prefixes and Meanings anti- against com- together con- together dis- apart from, away inter- between intr- into, inward non- not pro- forward super- over, more trans- across, beyond 18 9th Grade Affixes: 24 Flashcards Required & Needed for Test (+ Define Affix, Suffix, Prefix and Root). Root word Meaning Examples act (Latin) to do react, action, activate, counteract, interact bio (Greek) life biography, biology, biochemistry, autobiography clud (Latin) close exclude, include, preclude, exclusive, conclude fer (Latin) carry transfer, infer, refer, defer, ferry, conifer fract (Latin) break fracture, fraction, infraction gram (Greek) writing telegram, grammar, hologram mar (Latin) sea marine, marina, mariner, submarine mem (Latin) remember memory, remember, memorial, memo, memoir nav (Latin) ship navy, naval, navigate, navigable pop (Latin) people popular, population, populate port (Greek) to carry support, transport, import, report, deport, important rupt (Latin) erupt, disrupt, rupture, corrupt, abrupt, corruptible scribe (Latin) write scribble, inscribe, scribe, describe, transcribe sect (Latin) cut section, dissect, intersection, bisect tele (Greek) far television, telephone, telescope, telepathy tort (Latin) twist contort, torture, distort, tortilla uni (Latin) one unicycle, universe, united, union, uniform, unison, unique, unicorn counter (Latin prefix) against counterattack, counteract, counterpoint, counter de (Latin prefix) down deposit, descent, deplete, denounce, demolish sur (Latin prefix) over surplus, surpass, surcharge, surface, surmount, surname Cede (Latin prefix) To go away Surrender or yield concede, succeed, supersede, seceded 19 Fini Now go and deconstruct some words.
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