Stage 1: This stage refers to the world before the Industrial Revolution. Birth rates and death rates are high. As a result, population size remains fairly constant but can have major dips with events such as wars or pandemics.
Stage 2: The introduction of modern medicine lowers death rates, especially among children but birth rates remain high. This results in rapid population growth. Many modern LEDC's fall into this stage.
Stage 3: Birth rates decrease, usually as a result of improved economic conditions, an increase in women’s status, and access to contraception. Population growth continues, but at a lower rate. Some LEDCs are identify with this stage as well.
Stage 4: Birth and death rates are both low, stabilizing the population. These countries tend to have stronger economies, higher levels of education, better healthcare, a higher proportion of working women, and a fertility rate hovering around two children per woman. Most MEDCs are in Stage 4.
Stage 5: This stage applies to countries with a negative growth rate. This means the fertility rates have fallen below replacement level and the elderly population is greater than the youthful population.

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