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Getty ImagesIf youve noticed an odd, sweet smell coming from your car after you shut the engine off you might have an antifreeze leak. Antifreeze plays a key part in keeping your engine running properly, so its important to know if its leaking.If your vehicle is leaking antifreeze, the problem needs to be repaired promptly, before it causes much bigger, more costly issues. Despite its name, antifreeze does more than just keep your vehicles radiator from freezing up in winter. Its part of your vehicles cooling system, which controls the engines temperature so that it runs properly and doesnt overheat. Your engines radiator is actually filled with whats called coolant, a 50-50 mix of antifreeze and water. A pump on the engine circulates the coolant through the radiator, engine, and heater and keeps your engine running at the proper temperature—and not overheating—regardless of the outside temperature. If an engine is low on coolant, it can run too hot, which will hurt both performance and fuel economy. Worse yet, your engine can overheat, sustaining expensive and possibly terminal damage. Getty ImagesIf your vehicle is losing coolant, you need to determine where its leaking from and how fast its leaking—and then fix it or get it fixed. The engines cooling system is complex and has many parts. A coolant leak could be as cheap and simple to repair as tightening a loose clamp on one of the systems several hoses—something you can do yourself. Or it can be as complicated and expensive to repair as replacing a broken water pump. A major problem like that will require the skills of a technician to diagnose it and a shop full of tools to repair it. Clues You Have an Antifreeze Leak Getty ImagesA sweet aroma that you notice from outside the vehicle, coming from the vehicle after youve driven it. You might be able to smell it from behind the wheel as well. Puddles under the car of lime-green, orange, pink, or blue-green after youve parked. Antifreeze makers use those dye colors to differentiate coolant from other fluids used in cars. Engine oil is gold or black (when dirty), and transmission fluid is dark red. The car starts running hot or overheating.How to Locate a LeakTo find a leak, first drive the car until its fully warmed up, then park it on a clean, dry section of pavement—a driveway if possible. Shut it off and let it cool down. Caution: When the vehicle is fully warmed up, the coolant is boiling hot and under pressure. Do not remove the recovery-tank cap or radiator cap before the engine has adequately cooled. They are located under the hood. The illustration below shows the location of the caps for the radiator and the translucent plastic recovery tank. Most recovery tank caps are marked with a symbol similar to the one shown. Some cars do not have a radiator cap.Jeff Xu|Car and DriverAfter the car sits for 15 minutes, look under it for a fresh puddle of antifreeze-colored fluid. If there is no puddle but you smell the sweet aroma of antifreeze, kneel down and scan the vehicles underside and see if you can see anything thats wet or covered in droplets. Note: air conditioning systems often form condensation that can leak on to the ground, but whats dripping from them is pure, clear water.If a small puddle or stain of coolant forms under the car near the front of the vehicle lift the hood and start looking in the engine bay. Its also a good time to literally sniff around to see if you can tell where the antifreeze smell might be coming from. Look for signs of coolant leakage—a light-colored residue or stain—around the radiator cap, on hoses throughout the engine compartment (check the ends where they are clamped to other components) and on the radiator itself. If it looks like a hose is leaking near a clamp, try tightening the clamp with a screwdriver. If you dont see any obvious signs of leakage, scan the entire engine compartment; the leak could be coming from somewhere else under the hood. If the smell is stronger inside your vehicle than outside of it, the problem could be inside the heater. Heaters utilize a small radiator-like core to heat the cabin air. If the carpet is damp or the windows seem to fog up easily, the heater core could be leaking. Heater-core leaks are hard to locate and even harder to fix because the heater is part of the air conditioning system, which is buried behind the instrument panel. If thats the case, unless youre great with wrenches see a technician. If You Cant Locate the LeakNot finding the leak doesnt mean you dont have one. After the engine fully cools down, check your vehicles coolant level by observing how much fluid is in your vehicles coolant-recovery tank. The coolant-level indicator is on the side of the translucent plastic tank. Most tanks have clear minimum and maximum markings. The coolant level should be between the min and max markings. If the tank is full, what you are smelling is probably not an antifreeze leak. If the tanks level is below the minimum mark or its dry, youve likely got a problem and it is time to consult an expert technician. They can use a cooling-system pressure tester to home in on the source of the leak.Getty ImagesDriving With an Antifreeze LeakHow long can you drive with an antifreeze leak? We recommend getting it fixed as soon as possible. Cooling system problems dont get better by themselves and can deteriorate fast. You dont want to be stranded by the side of the road because you ignored the early signs of an antifreeze leak. If youre the kind that pushes their luck and you have a a minor (slow) coolant leak and its summer, you can likely drive for a few days by topping off the cooling system with water whenever it gets low. Its always best, however, to refill a cooling system with the proper mix of antifreeze and water in a 50-50 ratio, especially in winter. Plain water sitting in an engine on a freezing winter night turns to ice and expands. That expansion could easily burst the radiator, split cooling system hoses, and even crack the engine block or a cylinder head—which would destroy your engine. Antifreeze lowers the freezing point of the coolant to somewhere around minus 35 degrees F to keep any damage from happening. Again, its far better to get your car looked at as soon as possible to prevent more serious and expensive engine damage. Lastly, different cars require different types of antifreeze. There are three main types of antifreeze: older-style ethylene glycol (green dye); propylene glycol (orange or yellow dye); and the newest hybrid organic acid technology (yellow, green, pink, blue, violet, or orange). The different types cant be mixed. Refer to your owners manual or consult the dealer for the correct replacement type.Important: Ethylene glycol antifreeze is highly toxic if ingested. Because of its sweet smell and inoffensive taste, it is a serious hazard for children and pets.This content is imported from OpenWeb. You may be able to find the same content in another format, or you may be able to find more information, at their web site.
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