Chemistry An Atoms First Approach Gilbert Pdf
Category:American non-fiction books
Category:2007 non-fiction books
Category:Chemistry textbooks
Category:Dover Press books
Category:Science textbooksIrritable bowel syndrome and smoking--an overview of recent findings.
The role of smoking in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is incompletely understood. A role in a subgroup of IBS patients with a history of smoking has been suggested. The aim of this paper was to examine the influence of smoking and withdrawal on gastrointestinal function in IBS patients. A literature search was performed to identify original studies, reports and reviews on this subject, including search terms'smoking' and 'IBS' in PubMed, Medline and Embase from 1990 to 2004. Three main mechanisms of the interaction between smoking and the gastrointestinal tract were identified. First, nicotine could affect the intestinal motility and visceral sensitivity by influencing the dopaminergic system. Second, smoking may alter colonic function in a dose-dependent fashion. The acute effects of smoking on gastrointestinal motility are mainly limited to abdominal symptoms, but the chronic effects may also contribute to IBS symptoms. Third, smoking withdrawal may have long-lasting effects on the gastrointestinal tract, including nausea, stomach distension, altered intestinal transit time and a decrease in rectal blood flow. Nicotine withdrawal has been shown to affect the intensity of IBS symptoms in a subgroup of patients. In conclusion, smoking is strongly associated with IBS, but the role of smoking in IBS is not established. However, smokers with IBS seem to have increased symptom intensity compared with non-smokers.Copocoro
Copocoro is a municipality in the state of Amazonas in Brazil.
See also
List of municipalities in Amazonas
References
IBGE
Category:Municipalities in Amazonas (Brazilian state)
Category:Populated places established in 1997
Category:1997 establishments in Brazil
Category:Populated places on the Rio Negro (Amazon)
Category:Piria District
Category:Piria Formation
Category:Piria National ParkAngiotensin-converting enzyme gene polymorphism, left ventricular mass, and risk of myocardial infarction.
The role of the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene polymorphism as a risk factor for myocardial infarction is controversial. We examined the relationship between left ventricular mass (LVM) and incident myocardial infarction (MI) in
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