Energy storage systems are a key technology designed to solve energy sector challenges such as energy fluctuations and renewable energy instability. The system balances energy supply and demand and improves the stability and reliability of the entire system by storing energy during peak production periods and releasing it during peak demand periods. There are many types of energy storage systems, including battery energy storage, compressed air energy storage, thermal energy storage and other technologies, which play an important role in areas such as power networks, renewable energy integration and electric transportation. This technology not only helps achieve sustainable use of energy, but also provides key support for building smart and efficient energy infrastructure. As technology continues to advance, energy storage systems are becoming a key driver of a clean energy future.