Under JASTA, victims and families can pursue lawsuits against foreign states that support foreign terrorist organizations regardless of whether they are designated as state sponsors of terrorism. This is a shift from pre-existing US law under the FSIA. Under JASTA, if any foreign state knowingly provides substantial assistance, recklessly contributes material support, or otherwise facilitates a tortious act that constitutes an act of terrorism under US law or international law, that foreign state can potentially be held accountable.