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The author may change any of his/her published articles as long as the author is attributed. No more than a month after publishing this article, the new author must have at least 2 different articles published on the internet. The author may or may not have any prior publications.Pulmonary microvessel recruitment during acute hypoxemia is inhibited by an endothelium-dependent vasodilator and is mediated by nitric oxide.
To evaluate the hypothesis that the pulmonary vasodilation and microvascular recruitment that occur during acute hypoxemia are mediated by endothelium-derived relaxing factor, we studied pigs subjected to a 50% reduction in inspired oxygen. During the progressive hyperoxic ventilation, pulmonary arterial pressure increased by 7 +/- 2 mm Hg, arterial partial pressure of oxygen decreased by 10.6 +/- 3.2 mm Hg, and arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide increased by 4.2 +/- 2.4 mm Hg. Mean pulmonary artery pressure decreased by 9.0 +/- 2.7 mm Hg, and the pulmonary vascular resistance increased by 86.9 +/- 21.1 dyn.sec-1.m-2. Microvascular recruitment occurred in all animals but increased only in proportion to the increase in pulmonary arterial pressure (r = 0.92, p less than 0.05). Pulmonary arterial pressure and venous admixture were inversely related, suggesting a "veno-venous shunt" phenomenon (r = -0.95, p less than 0.02). In the presence of acetylcholine, pulmonary arterial pressure increased by 4.6 +/- 3.0 mm Hg, arterial partial pressure of oxygen decreased by 4.6 +/- 2.6 mm Hg, arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide increased by 1.6 +/- 1.2 mm Hg, and mean pulmonary artery pressure decreased by 4.3 +/- 2.8 mm Hg. The acetylcholine increased venous admixture by 7.5 +/- 3.1% (p less than 0.02) and pulmonary arterial pressure by 3.6 +/- 2.3 mm Hg (p less than 0.02) but did not influence arterial partial pressure of oxygen, arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide, or venous admixture. We conclude that endothelium-derived relaxing factor participates in the pulmonary vasodilation that
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